Pedestal is a compression member, the effective length of which is not greater than three times the least lateral dimension.

Pedestals are usually provided at the column bases to widen the base for transferring the load over a larger area and to reduce the effective cantilevers of footing and also to reduce the depth of footing to obtain economical design

In case of pedestals in which longitudinal reinforcement is not taken in account in strength calculations also nominal longitudinal reinforcement not less than $0.15\%$ of cross-sectional area shall be provided.

The slenderness ratio for short column is $l/d\lt=12$

And if the ratio $l/d\gt= 12$ than it’s a long column