Solution:

Primary shaping processes are the manufacturing of a product from an amorphous material.

Some processes produce finished products or articles in its usual form whereas others do not, and require further work to finish components to the desired shape and size.

Castings need re-melting of scrap and defective ingots in a cupola or some other melting furnace and then pouring of the molten metal into sand or metallic molds to obtain the castings.

Thus intricate shapes can be manufactured. Typical examples of the products that are produced by the casting process are machine beds, automobile engines, carburetors, flywheels, etc.

The parts produced through these processes may or may not require to undergo further operations. Some of the important primary shaping processes are:

(1) Casting,

(2) Powder metallurgy,

(3) Plastic technology,

(4) Gas cutting,

(5) Bending and

(6) Forging.