The monitoring and controlling cycle of the project management involves observing the process after project implementation, identifying problems and risks, and deploying a mitigation strategy to control the new process.

The Monitoring and Controlling phase checks all the tasks and metrics necessary to ensure that the approved and authorized project is within scope, on time, and on budget so that the project proceeds with minimal risk. This process involves comparing actual performance with planned performance and taking corrective action to yield the desired outcome when significant differences exist. Monitoring and Controlling process is continuously performed throughout the life of the project.

Fig: Monitoring and controlling cycle in project management:

When setting up a project’s monitoring and control phase, first we need to establish the project baselines. This includes the scope, schedule and budget. This information is used to benchmark the project’s progress throughout the lifecycle.

Monitoring Process: Monitoring Process is about assessing what work has been completed for a programme or project including costs, risks and issues. The SRO and board will routinely monitor if the business case continues to be viable and in alignment with strategic objectives. This usually takes the form of the production of documentation and reports at key stages. Monitoring is used to oversee progress of products, outputs, and outcomes.

Control Process: Control Process relates to stages in projects and are established to control the delivery of the project’s outputs.

Controls in project management are as follows:

• Event driven: It means that the control occurs because a specific event has taken place. Examples: completion of a project initiation document and creation of an exception plan

• Time driven: Time driven means that controls are regular progress feedbacks. Example: Checkpoint and highlight reporting