Following are the major components of a generalized measuring system:

1. Primary Sensing Element
2. Data Conditioning Element

3. Data Presentation Element

    

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A GENERALIZED COMPONENT SYSTEM

• The Measurand is the quantity in observation which is to be measured.
• The Primary Sensing Element consists of the Sensor and Transducer.

a.The sensor is used to sense the quantity to be measured from the measurand.This quantity could be in any form.

b.The transducer helps convert the sensed element into a suitable form of energy.

• The Data Conditioning Element consists of the Filter and the Data Conditioning equipment.

a.Filters remove the unwanted or distorted data that creates noise or disturbances in the signal after it has been converted to a suitable form  by the transducer.

b.The Data Conditioning equipment manipulates the signal in a way that prepares it for the next stage of processing.

• The final stage of the system is the Output stage,where the processed signal reaches.Here,it can be either stored in RAMs and other storage devices,displayed on monitors and screens or modified as desired