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In case of series R-L circuit excited by DC supply (V) derive equation for transient current IL with initial conditions.
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$consider\ series\ R-L\ circuit\ with\ initial\ condition\ i\left(0^-\right)=^{'}i^{'}\ A\ switch\ is\ closed\ at\ time\ t=0$ ![](data:image/png;base64,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) For t\gt0 ![](data:image/png;base64,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) Writing  KVL equation for t\gt0 $Ri\left(s\right)+Lsi\left(s\right)=\dfrac{v}{s}+Li\left(0^-\right) $ $\therefore{}i\left(s\right)=\dfrac{\dfrac{V}{L}}{s\left(s+\dfrac{R}{L}\right)}+\dfrac{Li\left(0^-\right)}{L\left(s+\dfrac{R}{L}\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{V}{L}}{s\left(s+\dfrac{R}{L}\right)}+\dfrac{i\left(0^-\right)}{\left(S+\dfrac{R}{L}\right)} $   $i\left(s\right)=\dfrac{A}{s}+\dfrac{B}{s+\dfrac{R}{L}}+\dfrac{i\left(0^-\right)}{s+\dfrac{R}{L}} $ $A=\dfrac{s\times{}\dfrac{V}{L}}{s\left(s+\dfrac{R}{L}\right)}\left\vert{}\ s=0=\dfrac{V}{R};\ \ \ B=\dfrac{\left(s+\dfrac{R}{L}\right)\times{}\dfrac{V}{L}\ }{s\left(s+\dfrac{R}{L}\right)}\right\vert{}\ s=\left(-\dfrac{R}{L}\right)=\left(-\dfrac{V}{R}\right)$ $\therefore{}I\left(s\right)=\dfrac{\dfrac{V}{R}}{S}+\dfrac{\dfrac{-V}{R}}{s+\dfrac{R}{L}}+\dfrac{i\left(0^-\right)}{s+\dfrac{R}{L}} $ Taking Inverse Laplace transform \(I\left(t\right)=\dfrac{V}{R}-\dfrac{V}{R}e^{-\dfrac{R}{L}t}+i\left(0^-\right)e^{-\dfrac{R}{L}t}\ \ \ \ for\ t\gt0\) \(\therefore{}I\left(t\right)=\dfrac{V}{R}-e^{-\dfrac{R}{L}t}\left[\dfrac{V}{R}-i\left(0^-\right)\right]\ \ for\ t\gt0\) Applying initial condition (case 1) $at\ t=0,\ i=0 $ $I\left(t\right)=\dfrac{V}{R}\left(1-e^{-\dfrac{R}{L}t}\right) $

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