1. Habitat loss and fragmentation

Human activities like poaching, clearance of forests for construction activities, dam building and other settlements destroy habitats of various wild animals. This results in the loss of biodiversity. Flooding and other natural calamities due to human activities render forests unfit for biodiversity to thrive. These factors lead to the loss of habitat and fragmentation of the forests leading to disappearance of biodiversity.

2. Invasive alien species

Non native species introduced into a habitat accidentally or on purpose result in depletion of the native species. These invasive alien species result in massive alterations of normal functioning of the habitats and inflict massive economic costs to agriculture, forestry, fisheries and other human activities.

3. Pollution

Pollution from adjacent cities and towns cause great harm to habitats. Industrial contamination, transport and construction activities result in pollutants released into water, land and air. These pollutants contaminate the forest atmosphere. These chemicals can directly affect biodiversity or lead to chemical imbalances in the environment that ultimately Imbalance in the chemical concentration of the environment at a particular habitat will result in the genetic transformation of pure breeds, which will result in imbalance of the food chain, ultimately killing individuals, species and habitats.

4. Climate change

Climate change due to emission of greenhouses has caused great loss to biodiversity. Temperatures are rising making it difficult for sensitive biodiversity to survive in the rapidly changing environment. The abundance and distribution of species gets altered and native species move towards extinction. The rise in sea levels causes many problems to the coastal ecosystems.

5. Over exploitation

Over exploitation of natural resources lead to imbalance in the ecosystems. The hunting of animals, poaching, irrational use of forest resources for medicine and plywood result in depletion. Animal trade, use of animal skin for finished products result in decrease in biodiversity populations. In addition, the physical removal of one species often harms other (e.g. fishing by-catches). Selective removal of an individual species can unbalance ecosystems and all other organisms within them

6. Human populations

The growth in human populations results in the increase of demands of raw materials. Human needs have to fulfilled by forest resources. Important goods like medicines, food procurement and shelter need forest products. This increase in demand cannot be met sustainably by natural resources. This results in loss of biodiversity.