Ecosystem can be defined as a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. The ecosystem can be divided into two parts namely:

1. Biotic components
2. Abiotic components

Biotic components comprises of the living organisms of the ecosystem. These living organisms can be divided into three types:

• Producers- These are the ones which produce the food for the other members on higher levels in the ecosytem. For eg: Plants, They are the major source of food for many other animals.They use the sunlight as the major source of energy.
• Consumers- Consumers as the name suggests are the ones that consume what is produced by the producers. These consumers can be further subdivided into:

1. Primary Consumers or herbivorous- These are the ones that directly feed on the producers like deer, cow etc.
2. Secondary Consumers or carnivorous - They are the ones who feed on primary consumers hence, Indirectly consuming the producers.

• Decomposers- These are the microscopic organisms which feed on the dead animals and complete the process of decomposition and these decomposed substance are used by planyts for nourishment and growth.

Abiotic Components are the non living things in an ecosystem  such as, sunlight, nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous, dissolved oxygen etc..