Vulcunization of Rubber

Vulcanization is a chemical process for converting rubber or related polymers into more durable materials via the addition of sulfur or other equivalent curatives. These additives modify the polymer by forming crosslinks (bridges) between individual polymer chains. Vulcanized material is less sticky and has superior mechanical properties. A vast array of products are made with vulcanized rubber including tires, shoe soles, hoses, and hockey pucks.

The process is named afterVulcan, Roman god of fire.

Hard vulcanized rubber sometimes sold under the brand names ebonite or vulcanite, and is used to make hard articles such as bowling balls and saxophone mouth pieces.

Properties of rubber improved by vulcanization:

• Tensile strength
• Elasticity
• Hardness
• Tear strength
• Abrasion resistance
• Resistance to solvents.