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Calculate temporary, permanent and total hardness of water sample containing Mg(HCO3)2 = 7.3 ppm, Ca(HCO3)2 = 16.2 ppm, MgCl2 = 9.5 ppm, CaSO4 = 13.6 ppm

written 3.6 years ago by teamques10 ★ 68k

•   modified 3.6 years ago

engineering chemistry

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written 3.6 years ago by teamques10 ★ 68k

Temporary hardness causing Impurities = Mg(HCO3 )2, Ca(HCO3 )2

Permanent hardness causing Impurities = MgCl2, CaSO4

 

Hence,

Temporary hardness = 7.3 + 16.2 = 23.5 ppm

Permanent hardness = 9.5 + 13.6 = 23.1 ppm

Total Hardness = 23.5 + 23.1 = 46.6 ppm

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