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Discuss the Limitations of phase rule.
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  • It can be applied for system in equilibrium only. Consequently, it is of little value in case of very slow equilibrium state attaining system.
  • It applies only to a single equilibrium system, and provides no information regarding any other possible equilibria in the system.
  • It requires utmost care in deciding the number of phases existing in an equilibrium state, since it considers only the number of phases, rather than their amounts. Thus, even if a trace of the phase is present, it accounts towards the total number of phases
  • It conditions that all phases of the system must be present simultaneously, under the identical conditions of temperatures and pressure.
  • It conditions that solid and liquid phases must not be in finely-divided state, otherwise deviations occur.
  • In phase rule, various variables are temperature, pressure and composition. This phase rule does not consider the electric or magnetic influences. If such variables are considered, the factor 2 of the phase rule has to be adjusted accordingly.
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