(i) Working of splash lubrication system:

This was employed for the engine of early vehicles. It is one of the cheapest methods of engine lubrication. A scoop is made in the lowest part of the connecting rod and the oil is stored in the oil trough. Oil is being pumped there from the crankcase oil sump to the oil trough. When the engine runs the scoop causes the oil to splash on the cylinder walls each time it passes through in B.D.C. position .This affects the lubrication of the engine walls, gudgeon pin, main crankshaft bearings, big end bearing etc.

(ii) State any two functions of lubrication system:

1. To provide a barrier between moving parts to reduce friction, heat build-up, and wear.

2. To disperse heat - Friction from moving parts and combustion of fuel produce heat that must be carried away.

3. Absorb and suspend dirt and other particles. Dirt and carbon particles need to be carried by the oil to the oil filter where they can be trapped.

4. Neutralize acids that can build up and destroy polished metal surfaces.

5. Coat all engine parts. Oil should have the ability to leave a protective coating on all parts when the engine is turned off to prevent rust and corrosion.

6. Resist sludge and varnish build-up.