1. 802.11 networking standards: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 is a family of standards for wireless local area network (WLAN), stating the specifications and/or requirements for computer communication in the $2.4,3.6$ and 5 $\mathrm{GHz}$ frequency bands.

2. Access points: It is also termed as AP It is a hardware device and/or a software that acts as a central transmitter and receiver of WLAN radio signals. Users of wireless device, such as laptop/PDAs, get connected with these APs, which in turn get connected with the wired LAN. An AP acts as a communication hub for users to connect with the wired LAN.

3. Wi-Fi hotspots: A hotspot is a site that offers the Internet access by using Wi-Fi technology over a WLAN.

Free Wi-Fi hotspots: Wireless Internet service is offered in public areas, free of cost and that to without any authentication.

Commercial hotspots: The users are redirected to authentication and online payment to avail the wireless Internet service in public areas.

4. Service set identifier (SSID): It is the name of 802.11i WLAN and all wireless devices on a WLAN must use the same SSID to communicate with each other.

5. Wired equivalence privacy (WEP): Wireless transmission is susceptible to eavesdropping and to provide confidentiality, WEP was introduced as part of the original 802.11i Protocol in 1997 . It is always termed as deprecated security algorithm for lEEE 802.11i WLANs. SSID along with WEP delivers fair amount of secured wireless network.

6. Wi-Fi protected access (WPA and WPA2): During 2001 , serious weakness in WEP was identified that resulted WEP cracking software(s) being made available to enable cybercriminals to intrude into WLANs. WPA was introduced as an interim standard to replace WEP to improve upon the security features of WEP. WPA2 is the approved Wi-Fi alliance interoperable implementation of 802.11i. WPA2 provides a stronger encryption mechanism through Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), which is a requirement for some corporate and government agencies.

7. Media access control (MAC): It is a unique identifier of each node (i.e., each network interfaces) of the network and it is assigned by the manufacturer of a network interface card (NIC) stored in its hardware.