A] Orthogonal and Oblique Cutting:

Concepts:

1. Cutting Type:

a] Orthogonal Cutting.

b] Oblique Cutting.

2. Fundamentals of Cutting Tool and Work piece:

3. Meat Working Process:

A] Chip – Forming Process (metal cutting)

B] Chip – Less Process (metal cutting)

Orthogonal Cutting:

1. Also called as 2D-Cutting

2. Cutting edge is at 90° (Perpendicular) to the line of action or path of the tool.

3. In Orthogonal Cutting, tool life is small as the heat developed per unit area due to friction along the tool work piece interface is considerably large.

4. The Orthogonal tool will remove less metal in the same life as an oblique tool.

5. In orthogonal cutting shown in figure, where the cutting edge of the tool OC is right angles to the direction of the relative velocity. V of the work, the chip coils in a tight, flat spiral.

6. Orthogonal Cutting in the machine shop is confined to such operations as knife turning, broaching and slotting.

7. Orthogonal Cutting is simplest type of cutting.

Oblique cutting:

1. Also called as 3D-Cutting.

2. The cutting edge is inclined at an angle less than 90° to the path of tool.

3. The oblique tool has a longer life as that heat developed per unit area due to friction along the tool work piece interface is considerably small.

4. The oblique tool will remove more metal in the same life as an orthogonal tool.

5. In oblique cutting as shown in figure, the chip flows sideways in a long curl.

6. Orthogonal Cutting in the machine shop is confine mainly to such operations as Turning, drilling, etc.

Q. Differentiate between Orthogonal Cutting and Oblique Cutting.

Summary:

Parameter	Orthogonal	Oblique
Cutting Angle	Tight and Flat spiral	Sideways in a long curl
Chip flow direction	Less	More
Conventional machining Ex	Knife turning broaching and slotting	Turning, drilling
Figure: