Virtualization:
Virtualization allows multiple operating system instances to run concurrently on a single computer.
Virtualization means to create a virtual version of a device or resource, such as server, storage device, network or even an operating system where the framework divides the resource into one or more execution environments.
In virtualization, many applications and operating systems are supported in a single physical system by partitioning the available resources.
Types of virtualization include: Storage virtualization, Server virtualization and Operating system level virtualization.
Hypervisor, also called a virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) or virtualization manager is a technology that allows multiple operating systems to share a single hardware cost.
It provides features such as policy- based authentication, virtual hard disk, life cycle management, live migration and real time resources allocation.
Hyper-v is the latest server virtualization product from Microsoft which provides virtualization services through hypervisor-based emulator.
Hyper-v provides the basic functionality to create a virtualization layer over the physical layer of the host server machine and enables guest operating system to be installed and managed through on integrated management console.
Hyper-v consists of a 64 bits hypervisor that can run 32 bit and 64 bit virtual machines concurrently.
Following are descriptions of the components shown in figure:
Host partition: also called the parent partition is dedicated to running the host OS. in hyper-v , the host partition is the root(boot) partition and there can be only one host partition.
Host OS: is a light weight server operating system controls access to the hardware of the underlying server, and provides a mechanism for other guest VM to safety communicate with the outside world.
Guest partition: also called child partitions are created and owned by the host OS and dedicated to running guest OS’s.
Guest OS: is the server operating system for applications and services.
Services: are custom-written (Azure) applications and services that run on the guest OS.
Virtualization stack (VSP): is a provider exposed by the virtualization stack that provides resources or services such as IO to a child partition.
Virtualization stack (VSC): is a software module that a guest loads to consume a resources or services.
VM Bus is a shared memory I/O bus that enables high performance communication between VM’s.
NIC’s are physical network interface cards.
CPU’s are physical central processing units which have one or usually more cores.
Disks are physical fixed disks for the root and guest partitions.
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