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Explain Balanced modulator.
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  • The circuit shows the diagram of balanced modulator using FETs. There are three transformers $T_1,T_2,T_3$ .

  • The carrier signal is applied to the center taps of input transformer $T_1$ and output transformer $T_3$ through the transformer $T_2$.

  • The modulating signal is applied to the input transformer $T_1$.

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  • The carrier signal is applied to primary of transformer $T_2$.

  • This signal is further applied to two gates of FETs in phase through the secondary of $T_2$ .

  • The modulating voltage appears $180^0$ out of phase at the gates , since these are the opposite ends of the centre taped transformer.

  • Consider that there is no modulating signal applied .Then FET currents due to carrier signal are equal in amplitude but opposite in the directions.

  • These opposite and equal currents at the primary of the output transformer cancel each other .Hence no output is produced at the secondary of $T_3$.

  • Thus carrier is suppressed . When modulating signal is applied , the currents i_d1 andi_d2flow in the primary of T_3 due to carrier signal as well as the modulating signal.

  • The FET currents due to carrier are equal and opposite and cancel each other .

  • Since the modulating signal is applied $180^0$ out of phase at the gates , the FET currents due to modulating signal are equal but not opposite , hence do not cancel each other.

  • Therefore , output is produced at the secondary of the transformer $T_3$ .Thus DSB output is produced by FET balanced modulator.

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