Wireless sensor networks have been useful in a variety of areas. The primary areas in which these networks are deployed follows.

Environmental observations:

Wireless sensor networks can be used to monitor environmental changes. An example is water pollution detection in a lake that is located near a factory that uses chemical substances. Sensor nodes are randomly deployed in unknown and hostile areas and relay the exact origin of a pollutant to a centralized authority which takes appropriate measures to limit the spreading of pollution. Other examples include forest-fire detection, air pollution, and rainfall observation in agriculture.

Military monitoring:

The military uses sensor networks for battle field surveillance. Sensors can monitor vehicular traffic, track the position of the enemy, or even safeguard the equipment of side deploying sensors.

Building monitoring:

Wireless sensor networks can also be used in large buildings or factories to monitor climate changes. Thermostats and temperature sensor nodes are deployed all over the building’s area. In addition, sensors can be used to monitor vibration that can damage the structure of a building.

Health care:

Sensors can be used in biomedical applications to improve the quality of provided care. Sensors are implanted in the human body to monitor medical problems such as cancer and help patients maintain their health.