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Sr. No. | Parameters | 2G | 3G | 4G |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Name | $2^{nd}$ Generation Mobile Network | $3^{rd}$ Generation Mobile Network | $4^{th}$ Generation Mobile Network |
2 | Year of Introduction | 1993 | 2001 | 2009 |
3 | Technology Used | IS-95, GSM | IMT2000, WCDMA, UMTS, EDGE | LTE, WiMAX |
4 | Multiple Address/ Access System | TDMA, CDMA | CDMA | CDMA |
5 | Switching Type | Circuit switching for Voice and Packet switching for Data | Packet switching except for Air Interface | Packet switching |
6 | Speed (data rates) | 14.4 Kbps – 64 Kbps | 144 Kbps – 3.1 Mbps | 100 Mbps – 1 Gbps |
7 | Features | Multiple users on single-channel | Multimedia features, Video call | High speed, Real-time streaming |
8 | Special Features | Digital version of 1G | Digital Broadband, Speed increment | Very high speed, support all IP |
9 | Internet Service | Narrowband | Broadband | Ultra-Broadband |
10 | Bandwidth | 25 MHz | 25 MHz | 100 MHz |
11 | Operating Frequencies | GSM: 900MHZ, 1800MHz CDMA: 800MHz | 2100 MHz | 850 MHz, 1800 MHz |
12 | Frequency Type | Narrowband | Wideband | Ultra-Wideband |
13 | Carrier Frequency | 200 KHz | 5 MHz | 15 MHz |
14 | Benefits | Multimedia features (SMS, MMS), Internet access and SIM introduced | High security, international roaming | Speed, High-speed handoffs, MIMO technology, Global mobility |
15 | Drawbacks | Low network range, slow data rates | High power consumption, Low network coverage, High cost of spectrum license | Hard to implement, complicated hardware required |
16 | Applications | Voice calls, Short messages, browsing (partial) | Video conferencing, mobile TV, GPS | High speed applications, mobile TV, Wearable devices |