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Compare DC motor and Induction Motor

written 6.7 years ago by ypsukale • 50

modified 2.7 years ago by Krishna_Agrawal • 2.7k

industrial electronics

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written 2.7 years ago by Krishna_Agrawal • 2.7k

Difference between Induction Motor and DC Motor : -

Sr.No	Topic	Induction Motor	DC Motor
1	Definition	Inductions motors can be defined as an electric motor which is driven by an alternating current (AC).	DC motors is also a rotatory electric motor that converts Direct current (DC energy) into mechanical energy.
2	Types	Induction motors are mainly of two types which are synchronous AC motors and induction motors.	DC motors are also mainly of two types which are namely DC motors with brushes and DC motors without brushes.
3	Current Input	Induction motors only run when an alternating current is given as input.	DC motors will only run when DC supply is given. In the case of DC series motor, the motor might run with AC supply. But, for shunt motors, the motor never runs on AC supply.
4	Commutators and Brushes	Commutators and brushes are absent in Induction motors.	Commutators and carbon brushes are present in DC motors.
5	Input Supply Phases	Induction motors can run on both single-phase and three-phase supplies.	DC motors can run only on single-phase supply.
6	Supply Sources	Three phase or single phase power from the supply mains.	Energy is obtained from batteries, cells etc.
7	Starting of Motor	A three-phase Induction motor is self-starting but a single-phase AC motor requires a starting mechanism.	DC motors are always self-starting in nature.
8	Input Terminals	In Induction motors, three input terminals (RYB) is present.	In DC motors, two input terminals (positive and negative) are present.
9	Armature Characteristics	In Induction motors, the armature is stationary while the magnetic field rotates.	In DC motors, the armature rotates while the magnetic field remains stationary.
10	Speed Control	The speed of an Induction motor can be changed by varying the frequency.	In the case of DC motors, speed can be controlled by changing the armature winding’s current.
11	Load Change	Induction motors show a slow response to the change in load.	DC motors show a quick response to the change in load.
12	Starting	Induction Motor are not self starting. It requires some external starting equipments.	DC motors are self starting.
13	Life Expectancy	Since Induction motors do not have brushes and commutators, they are very rigged and have a high life expectancy.	The brushes and commutators in DC motors limit the speed and reduce the life expectancy of the motor.
14	Efficiency	Due to induction current loss and motor slip, the efficiency of the Induction motor is less.	The efficiency of the DC motor is high as there is no slip and induction current loss.
15	Maintenance	Induction motors require less maintenance as brushes and commutators are absent.	DC motors require excessive maintenance due to the presence of brushes and commutators.
16	Applications	Induction motors are required where there is a need for high speed and variable torque.	DC motors are required where there is a need for variable speed and high torque.
17	Practical Uses	They are mainly used in large industries.	They are mainly used in small domestic appliances.

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