Subject: Operating System

Topic: PROCESS MANAGEMENT

Difficulty: Medium

As a process executes, it changes state. The state of a process is defined in part by the current activity of that process.

Process can have one of the following five states at a time.

New state:

A process that just has been created but has not yet been admitted to the pool of execution processes by the operating system. Every new operation which is requested to the system is known as the new born process.

Ready state:

When the process is ready to execute but he is waiting for the CPU to execute then this is called as the ready state. After completion of the input and output the process will be on ready state means the process will wait for the processor to execute.

Running state:

The process that is currently being executed. When the process is running under the CPU, or when the program is executed by the CPU, then this is called as the running process and when a process is running then this will also provide us some outputs on the screen.

Waiting or blocked state:

A process that cannot execute until some event occurs or an I/O completion. When a process is waiting for some input and output operations then this is called as the waiting state and in this process is not under the execution instead the process is stored out of memory and when the user will provide the input and then this will again be on ready state.

Terminated state:

After the completion of the process, the process will be automatically terminated by the CPU. So this is also called as the terminated state of the process. After executing the complete process the processor will also deallocate the memory which is allocated to the process. So this is called as the terminated process.