Conveyor

• Introduction

In every type of mining, like of coal and other minral deposite are mined where in undergroung or in opencast and minerlas and coal are trasported with the help of many mechanism and one of them is conveyor. This is a continuous transporting equipment and is capable of handling wide range of material.

Types of Conveyor

The principal types of conveyors uesd in the mines are:

i. Belt conveyor

ii. Scraper chain conveyor

iii. Shaker conveyor Left over types of conveyor are variation of these conveyors

i. Belt conveyor

Belt conveyors are widely used as a means of transport system in U/G as well as in quarries, at building material storage deports, by road construction departments, and in production shops, steel plants and most important for us coal industry plants . this is a continuous transporting equipment and is capable of handling wide range of material.

Materials used for belts

• Leather

• Cotton of fabric

• Rubber

• Balata Belts

• General Construction

The general construction of a belt conveyor have the following components

i Belt

ii. Conveyors Drive system

iii. Tention adjustment arrangement (tske-up)

iv. Idlers

v. Loading and Discharging Device

vi. Belt cleaners

vii. Actuated hold Block

i. Belt

The belt is an endless thick flat strip of women cotton, rahon or nyoon fabric laid up in plies, or layer and their surface and sides covered with rubber, plastic or P.V.C. The type of fabric, the number of plies and the mainforcement, if any, in the belt determines the strength of the latter. This can be classified into the Six types

i. Out ply belt

ii. Folded ply type

iii. Spirally folded ply belt

iv. Heat resistant belt

v. Stepped ply belt

vi. Steel rope belt

ii. Conveyors Drive system

The belt is driven by means of an electric motor through different drive mechanisms. the drive mechanism can be classified into two types.

i) Single drum type

ii) Double drum or tandem type

iii. Tention adjustment arrangement (take-up)

Adjustment of belt tension of the conveyor system is essential for the successful and optimum operation of conveyors. Hence device must be provided for adjustment of such tention.

Device Classified as follows Tension device

• Mannually controlled intermitted adjustment

• Automatic adjustment

iv. Idlers

The main function of the idlers are to guide or train, and support the belt during conveying action.these are placed at interval of 1.5 to 5m. These idlers are of three types:

i. Carrying idlers :- These are idlers that carry the main load of materials and belt.

ii. Return Idlers :- These are usually single piese rollers which carry only the weight of the belt. they are placed on the return side of the belt

v. Loading and Discharging Device

The design of the loading device depends upon the nature and characteristics of the load conveyed and the method of loading. generally it is done with the help of chute. the angle of inclination of hopper is greater than friction angle. Discharge is generally effected over the end pulley or at any point the conveying run by means of a scraper plough or a throwoff carriage known as a tripper. The latter is used only for bulk material.