Cutting Tool

• Cutting tool is required in machine tools for machining processes in metal- cutting or metal-forming to attain the desired shape and size of a product.

• Cutting tool is basically the cutter used in machining operation.

• It is rigidly mounted on the machine tool.

• A relative velocity between workpiece and cutting tool is also provided by various mechanical and other arrangements for cutting action.

Classification of Cutting Tools

A.With respect to number of cutting point used :

(1)Single point cutting tools.

(2)Multi-point cutting tools.

Single point cutting tools.

• The simplest form of cutting tool having only one cutting edge.

• The machining rate of such tools is low than multi-point cutting tools.

• It is widely used in Lathe tools, Shaper tools, Planer tools, Boring tools, Slotting tool etc.

Multi-Point Cutting Tool

• The cutting tool having two or more cutting edges is called multi-point cutting tool.

• The machining rate of such tools is higher.

•Drills, reamers, taps, die, broach, milling cutters etc. are multi-point cutters.

B. With respect to materials used in tool :

• High Carbon Steel (H.C.S.)

• High speed Steel (H.S.S.)

• Cemented Carbides

• Stellite

• Cemented Oxides or Ceramics

• Diamond

• Abrasives

C. With respect to the type of operations used in tool :

• Turning tool

• Knurling tool

• Parting-off tool

• Thread-cutting tool, etc

D. With respect to the direction of tool movement

during cutting:

• Right-hand tool (cutting from right to left)

• Left-hand tool (cutting from left to right)

E.With respect to the motion of tool :

• Linear motion tools: Lathe, Boring, Broaching, Planing, Shaping tools, etc

• Rotary motion tools: Milling cutters, Grinding wheels, etc.

• Linear and Rotary tools: Drills, Honing tools, Boring Heads, etc.

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