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What are alloy steels? Explain special effect of following alloying elements on properties of alloy steel Ni,Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, W & V
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Alloy steel is steel which don't get corroded when exposed to atmosphere, or to chemicals. Their composition is chromium nickel and molybdenum.chromium deposits thick film of oxide on the metal surface. Chromium being metal from passivity series its oxide film,if gets broken heals up automatically by reacting with atmosphere

Elements Special Effects
Chromium Cr Added up to 18%,Enhances hardenability, corrosion & oxidation resistance & Increases high temp. strength,In High carbon steels, it increases abrasion resistance
Cobalt Co Contributes to hardness of steel
Manganese Mn Harden ability & increases strength,Improves certain properties with respect to range of proportions eg.1 to 1.5 %=increases toughness plus brittleness,If high% i.e. 11 to 14 % = steel gains high degree of strength
Molybdenum Mo Enhances,Hardenability,corrosion resistance,Tensile and creep strength at high temperature,Resistance to softening in tempering
Nickel Ni High harden ability, increases strength & toughness.,Enhances ductility,Resistant to heat corrosion, elasticity & tensile strength.
Tungsten W It helps to form hard and abrasion resistance film in tool steel,Increases shock resistance,Impart high temperature hardness,Enhances creep strength
Vanadium V Increases hardenability, tensile strength
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