What is polarization of a wave? Explain the types of polarization.

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teamques10 ★ 69k

The locus traced by Electric field component of wave along direction of propagation w.r.t time is known as polarization. Polarization can be classified as follow:

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A] Linear:

Horizontal – If locus traced by wave becomes horizontal w.r.t reference axis then it is called as horizontal polarization.

Vertical – If the locus traced by wave becomes vertical w.r.t reference axis, then it is called vertical polarization.

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B] Circular:

Circular – If locus traced by the wave results into circle then it is referred as circular. In this E ̅ has both x and y components.

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$\overline{E_x}$ - A cos wt

$\overline{E_y}$ - A sin wt

Elliptical – If locus traced by the wave results into ellipse. In this E ̅ has both x and y components but magnitude of these components are different.

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$\dfrac{\overline{E_x^2}}{E_x^2}+\dfrac{\overline{E_y^2}}{E_y^2}=1 \\ \overline{E_x^2}=E_x \cos ⁡wt \\ \overline{E_y^2}= -E_y \sin wt$

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