Mumbai university > Civil > SEM 8 > Industrial Waste Treatment

Marks: 10M

Year: May 2015,

With respect to defining sanitation most professionals would agree that sanitation as a whole includes:

• Safe collection, storage, treatment and disposal/re-use/recycling of human excreta.

• Management/re-use/recycling of solid wastes.

• Drainage and disposal/ re-use/ recycling of household waste water

• Drainage of storm water.

• Treatment and disposal/re-use/recycling of sewage effluents

• Collection and management of industrial waste products

• Management of hazardous wastes

The effects of industrial waste on river and fish are as follows:-

Suspended solids:-

• They settle to the bottom or wash up on the banks and decompose causing odour& depleting the oxygen in the river water.

• Fish often die because of a sudden lowering of oxygen content of a stream

• Solids that settle to the bottom will cover their spawning grounds & inhibit propagation.

• Visible sludge creates unsightly condition & destroys the use of river for recreational purpose.

• This solid also increases the turbidity of the water courses.

Acid & alkalis:-

• Extra acidity & alkalinity destroys aquatic life.

• It causes the foaming of water at the surface. Therefore stream water cannot be used without treatment.

Colour producing materials:-

• Colour is contributed by textile and paper-mills, tanneries, slaughter house and other industries is an indicator of pollution.

• Compounds present in water absorb certain wavelength of light and reflect the remainder.

• Colour interferes with the transmission of sunlight into the stream and therefore decreases photosynthetic action.

• It may also interfere with oxygen absorption from the atmosphere although no positive proof of this exists.

• Visible pollution often causes more troubles for industry than invisible pollution.

Inorganic salts:-

• The inorganic salts which are present in most industrial waste as well as in nature itself cause water to be hard & make a stream undesirable for industrial, municipal and agricultural usage.

• Salt laden waste deposits scale on municipal water distribution pipeline, increasing resistance to flow and lowering the overall capacity of the lines.

Heavy metals & toxic waste:-

Sulphide, cyanide, arsenic, lead, mercury has a great effect on the flora & fauna of the streams. It reduces the portability of water.