In the actual ideal transformers

• There will be no core loss and copper loss
• Winding resistance and leakage flux are zero
• Leakage fluxes produce self-induced e.m.f in their respective windings
• The external voltage applied to the primary induced voltage E1, ∴ E1= V1 since no primary winding resistance
• Similarly, E2 = V2
• The transformation ratio is given by K= E2/ E1 = V2/V1
• Efficiency of an ideal transformer is 100%. Since no losses are taking place and voltage regulation is 0%

• No load

  Since the flux is common to both the windings, ф is chosen as a reference phase. From e.m.f eq. of the transformers, E1 and E2, lag by flux 90o. The magnetizing components

  IM is drawn in phase with the flux as I0= √Iu2 + Iw2

• The applied voltage V1 is drawn equal and opposite to E1 as V1= E1

• Leading power factor (6.18)