a) Process Metrics

• These are the metrics pertaining to the Process Quality. They measure efficiency and effectiveness of various processes.

b) Project Metrics

• These are the metrics pertaining to the Project Quality. They measure defects, cost, schedule, productivity and estimation of various project resources and deliverables.

Project Metrics -

1. Schedule Variance : Any difference between the scheduled completion of an activity and the actual completion is known as Schedule Variance. Schedule variance = ((Actual calendar days – Planned calendar days) + Start variance)/ Planned calendar days x 100.

2. Effort Variance: Difference between the planned outlined effort and the effort required to actually undertake the task is called Effort variance. Effort variance = (Actual Effort – Planned Effort)/ Planned Effort x 100.

3. Size Variance: Difference between the estimated size of the project and the actual size of the project (normally in KLOC or FP) Size variance = (Actual size – Estimated size)/ Estimated size x 100.

4. Requirement Stability Index: Provides visibility and understanding into the magnitude and impact of requirements changes. RSI = 1- ((No of changed + No of deleted + No of added) / Total no of Initial requirements) x100

5. Productivity (Project): It is a measure of output from a related process for a unit of input. Project Productivity = Actual Project Size / Actual Effort spent for the project

6. Productivity (for test case preparation) Productivity in test case preparation = Actual no of test cases/ actual effort spent on test case preparation

7. Productivity (for test case execution) Productivity in test case execution = actual number of test cases / actual effort spend on testing.

8. Productivity (defect detection) Productivity in defect detection = Actual number of defects (review + testing) / actual effort spent on (review + testing)

9. Productivity (defect fixation) Productivity in defect fixation = actual no of defects fixed/ actual effort spent on defect fixation

10. Schedule variance for a phase: The deviation between planned and actual schedule for the phases within a project. Schedule variance for a phase = (Actual Calendar days for a phase – Planned calendar days for a phase + Start variance for a phase)/ (Planned calendar days for a phase) x 100

11. Effort variance for a phase: The deviation between planned and actual effort for various phases within the project. Effort variance for a phase = (Actual effort for a phase – planned effort for a phase)/ (planned effort for a phase) x 100

Process Metrics:

1. Cost of Quality: It is a measure in terms of money for the quality performance within an organization Cost of quality = (review + testing + verification review + verification testing + QA + configuration management + measurement + training + rework review + rework testing)/ total effort x 100
2. Cost of poor Quality: It is the cost of implementing imperfect processes and products. Cost of poor quality = rework effort/ total effort x 100
3. Defect Density: It is the number of defects detected in the software during the development divided by the size of the software (typically in KLOC or FP) Defect density for a project = Total number of defects/ project size in KLOC or FP
4. Review Efficiency: defined as the efficiency in harnessing/ detecting review defects in the verification stage. Review efficiency = (number of defects caught in review)/ total number of defects caught) x 100
5. Testing Efficiency: Testing efficiency = 1 – ((defects found in acceptance)/ total no of testing defects) x 100
6. Defect removal efficiency: Gives the efficiency with which defects were detected and minimum defects were filtered down to the customer. Defect removal efficiency = (1 – (total defects caught by customer/ total no of defects)) x 100